Efeitos do sulfato de magnésio e da milrinona sobre o vasoespasmo cerebral após hemorragia subaracnoidea por aneurisma: estudo randômico

Background

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is an important cause of premature death and disability worldwide. Magnesium sulphate is shown to have a neuroprotective effect and it reverses cerebral vasospasm. Milrinone is also used in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of prophylactic magnesium sulphate and milrinone on the incidence of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Results of retrograde open mesenteric stenting for acute thrombotic mesenteric ischemia

Objective

Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is an emergent event with a high mortality rate; survivors have high rates of intestinal failure. Restoration of blood flow using endovascular or surgical revascularization is associated with better outcome in terms of survival rate and intestinal resection. Retrograde open mesenteric stenting (ROMS), which is a hybrid technique, combines two benefits: prompt blood flow restoration with an endovascular approach and inspection and resection of the small bowel. The aim of the study was to assess the results of ROMS in thrombotic AMI in a retrospective multicenter study.

Dynamic changes in miR-124 levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective: To investigate the changes in serum miR-124 levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and elucidate the underlying mechanism by a dynamic monitor.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with ACI and 51 healthy controls were included in our study. Baseline characteristics and blood samples were collected for further analysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the serum miR-124 levels. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the effect of miR-124 on iASPP, a protein that inhibits apoptosis stimulating proteins in the p53 family.

Results: Compared with normal controls, the miR-124 levels in the ACI group rapidly decreased at phase 1 (within 24?h after ischemia) (p?<?0.001) and then gradually increased at phase 2 (48?～?72?h after ischemia) (p?<?0.001) and phase 3 (the 7th day after ischemia) (p?<?0.001). The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-124 down-regulates iASPP expression in 293T cells.

Conclusion: The miR-124 levels are down-regulated in ACI patients. The dynamic changes of miR-124 might provide a possible method for the detection of ischemic stroke.

• Highlights

• The difference in miR-124 expression levels between ACI patients and normal controls.

• Dynamic changes of miR-124 expression levels in ACI patients.

• The down-regulation of miR-124 upon iASPP expression.

     

The association between body mass index and in-hospital outcome among patients with acute myocardial infarction—Insights from China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) registry

BackgroundThe relationship between body mass index (BMI) and in-hospital mortality risk among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains controversial.Methods and ResultsWe included 35,964 patients diagnosed with AMI in China Acute Myocardial Infarction registry between January 2013 and December 2016. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to BMI level: BMI <18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25–30, and ≥30 kg/m² for underweight, normal, overweight, and obese groups, respectively. Clinical data were extracted for each patient, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between BMI level and in-hospital mortality. Compared with normal-weight patients, obese patients were younger, more often current smokers, and more likely to have hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Multivariable regression analysis results demonstrated that compared with normal group, underweight group had significantly higher in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–1.69; p = 0.016), while overweight group (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77–0.97; p = 0.011) and obese group (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.46–0.91; p = 0.013) had lower mortality. All subgroups showed a trend toward lower in-hospital mortality risk as BMI increased.ConclusionsOur study provided robust evidence supporting “obesity paradox” in a contemporary large-scale cohort of patients with AMI and demonstrated that increased BMI was independently associated with lower in-hospital mortality.     

经椎旁肌间隙入路与微创经皮入路手术治疗胸腰椎骨折的效果比较

目的比较胸腰椎骨折患者接受经椎旁肌间隙入路与微创经皮入路手术治疗的效果及关节功能。方法回顾性分析2014年4月-2015年10月在该院接受内固定手术治疗的胸腰椎骨折患者,根据手术入路不同分为椎旁入路组和经皮微创组,分别接受经椎旁肌间隙入路与微创经皮入路手术治疗。比较两组患者的手术情况、围手术期血清创伤分子含量以及远期功能恢复情况和矫正畸形效果。结果椎旁入路组的手术时间明显短于经皮微创组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术中出血量、术后引流量、术后卧床时间、住院总时间与经皮微创组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术后当天的血清肌酸激酶(CK)、肌红蛋白(Myo)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),术后3、6和12个月时的伤椎前后缘高度比、Cobb角、视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论椎旁肌间隙入路与微创经皮入路手术治疗胸腰椎骨折的效果和创伤程度相当,椎旁肌间隙入路的手术操作更为简单、手术时间更短。     

GATA6基因启动区多态性与急性心肌梗死患者易感性和临床特征的相关性分析

目的探讨GATA6基因启动区-493(rs144923558)G/A、-172(rs146748749)G/A 2个位点单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与急性心肌梗死(AMI)之间的关系及其相关的危险因素。方法采用病例-对照研究方法,收集328例AMI患者和344例正常对照;应用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性技术结合DNA测序后的序列比对进行数据统计;运用Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验后,应用χ~2检验进行相关分析;利用Logistic回归对多种危险因素以及2个SNP位点与AMI发病进行关联性分析;利用Haplovview4.2软件和SHEsis网站进行连锁不平衡及单倍体分析。结果 2个SNP位点共检测出3种基因型为GG、GA和AA,其基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P0.05),同时在AMI组与对照组间差异无显著性(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析:增龄、高血压病、吸烟、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)和甘油三酯(TG)升高是AMI发病的独立危险因素(P0.05),HDLC为保护因素(P0.05)。在显性、隐性和加性3种不同遗传模式下进行Logistic回归分析发现,2个SNP位点与AMI发病无关联性。进行连锁不平衡和单倍型分析提示,该2个SNP位点处于同一个连锁不平衡区域(D′=1.000,r~2=1.000),单倍型GG和AA均未增加AMI易感性(P0.05)。结论 GATA6基因启动区-493(rs144923558)G/A与-172(rs146748749)G/A两个SNP位点为完全连锁不平衡,其中GG为主要单倍型。该2个SNP位点及其单倍体型与AMI发病无相关性,但提供了GATA6基因启动区多态性的群体遗传学资料。